Chernobyl Essay examples - 1742 Words

Chernobyl The topic I have chosen for this term paper is quot;Ex-Soviet Blocs Environmental Crisis, Issue C.quot; #2 Upgrading nuclear reactors to meet international standards. I have chosen this topic because nuclear power is not only an environmental issue but also a severe health issue for the citizens around the nuclear site and also for the rest of the country and world because of food products that could be grown there and used as market items. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Nuclear radiation is in no way healthy to anyone. It is much more easier to develop a life threatening disease if you are currently being effected by the radiation or have already been effected. Becoming sick from high amounts of radiation does not only†¦show more content†¦Forty years later, they had found no evidence that there were any genetic problems in any of the survivors children. In contrast, Yuri E. Dubrova of the University of Leicester in England and his colleagues claim that they have found evidence that germline mutation rates in humans can be increased by ionizing radiation. Dubrovas team compared specific gene segments taken from the blood of people in 79 families that lived in a exposed area surrounding Chernobyl. Also they studied 105 members from unexposed families in the United Kingdom. All children in both groups were born 8 years after the melt down. â€Å" The researchers studied gene segments known as minisatellite loci, repeating patterns of roughly 5 to 45 bases, the units that make up DNA. No one knows the genetic purpose, if any, of minisatellites, but their variation from person to person enables scientists to use them as the basis of so-called genetic fingerprinting†.(Dubrova )Because a childs DNA represents a combination of germline DNA from both parents, any sequence in the child that does not have either parents DNA in it, must result from a germline mutation. Dubrovas team therefore looked for minisatelite sequences in the childrens DNA that did not appear in either of the parents DNA. They found twice the number of mutations in children of exposed Belarus parents as in U.K. children. â€Å"We are 99 percent sure that these are real germline mutations and they have been passed from parent to child,†(DubrovaShow MoreRelatedThe Chernobyl Of Chernobyl Disaster1797 Words   |  8 PagesThe Chernobyl Disaster Abstract: On April 26th, 1986, the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in Ukraine, which was under the authorities of the Soviet Union, had a catastrophic nuclear accident. The reactor number four exploded due to gross violations of operating rules and regulations during an experiment. Had greater care and attention been given to the experiment procedure and proper ethical decisions been made, the disaster could have been avoided. This disaster had been both a technical and ethicalRead MoreThe Chernobyl Of Chernobyl Power Complex Essay1835 Words   |  8 PagesThe Chernobyl Power Complex, located about 130 km north of Kiev, Ukraine, and about 20 km south of the border with Belarus, consisted four RBMK-1000 nuclear reactors. The first two units were constructed between 1970 and 1977, while the later were completed in 1983. The RBMK-1000 was a Soviet designed and built graphite moderated pressure tube type reactor, using water as a coolant which also provided the steam to drive the turbine. The graph ite moderator is designed to slow down neutrons to raiseRead MoreChernobyl : The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster1317 Words   |  6 PagesChernobyl was a catastrophic nuclear accident that occurred April 26th, 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the town of Pripyat, Ukraine. Chernobyl is the worst nuclear disaster in the world in terms of cost and causalities. 31 people died as a direct result of the explosion – all of whom were reactor staff and emergency workers. Until the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, Chernobyl was the only nuclear accident classified as a level 7 event (the maximum classification) on the InternationalRead More Chernobyl Essay863 Words   |  4 PagesChernobyl On April 26, 1986 disaster struck the world. It was not a disaster like any other before. A new type of death was now shown to the world. Although during World War II people encountered radiation sickness and death, that was sadly intended. The explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear powerstation was undoubtedly the worlds largest nuclear accident. That was the difference. It was accidental, and although innocent people were killed or made sick in the past from radiationRead MoreThe Chernobyl Explosion1403 Words   |  6 Pagespreviously the RBMK’s had several reactor features that made it difficult to justify their operation. Most importantly, the reactors generated excess neutrons during operation which upon further study led to the super criticality that caused the Chernobyl explosion. While Russia suggests that the explanation of the plants failure was ultimately only due to the failure to follow safe operations of shutdown procedures, other studies performed post incident suggest that the reactors were inherently technologicallyRead MoreEssay on The Disaster at Chernobyl844 Words   |  4 PagesThe Disaster at Chernobyl On April 26th, 1986, operators at the Chernobyl Power Plant in Chernobyl, Ukraine, ran what they thought to be a routine safety test. But fate was not on the side of these operators. Without warning, reactor #4 became unstable, as it had been operating at a low power for a possible shutdown and the reactor’s design caused it to be unsafe at this level of power. Internal temperatures rose. Attempts to cool the system produced the opposite effect. InstantlyRead MoreChernobyl : A History And A Disaster1182 Words   |  5 PagesHayden Marshall Professor McCree Comm 2200 sec 048 Oct. 20, 2014 Chernobyl: A History and a Disaster Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about Chernobyl, Ukraine. Central Idea: Chernobyl has a rich history which includes a disaster that shocked the world. Introduction I. â€Å"There was a heavy thud. A couple of seconds later, I felt a wave come through the room. The thick concrete walls were bent like rubber. I thought war had broken out. We started to look for Khodemchuk (his coworker) but he hadRead MoreThe Chernobyl Disaster Of 1986 Essay948 Words   |  4 Pagesnuclear reactor explosion in Chernobyl in Soviet Union. The Chernobyl disaster of 1986 is truly one of the worst engineering disasters that have ever occurred. This explosion is the only level 7 on the International Nuclear Event Scale and also the worst nuclear power plant accident to the day. This disaster occurred due to human error because one of the workers decided to create his rules and not obey the true procedure. On April 26 1986, the fourth unit of 4 of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant wasRead MoreThe Disaster Of The Chernobyl Disaster1076 Words   |  5 PagesOn the day of April 26, 1986, an event that had affected many people took place, The Chernobyl Disaster. The radiation cloud had spread over 27 countries. 28 people died within a few weeks as a result of acute radiation poisoning. The steam explosion and fires had released 5% of the radioactive reactor core into the atmosphere. 1,100 square miles around the reactor still remain uninhabitable to this day. Recently documented, it has been said that over 500,000 people have died from radiationRead MoreThe Containment Of The Chernobyl Plant1439 Words   |  6 PagesA big part of the clean up process involved the setting of the sarcophagus. A sarcophagus is a concrete box, usually used for a corpse. In this case the unit 4 of the Chernobyl plant was in a corpse in hoped to be buried for good. Around 7,000 tonnes of steel and 410,000 m3 of concrete were used to cover the reactor. The sarcophagus was designed to halt the release of any radiation being projected into the atmosphere from the reactor. â€Å" The first task in destroying the nuclear reactor was to build

The Emotional, Social, And Academic Effects Of...

Devan Thieu HHG4M Mrs. Nystrom 01/22/2015 The emotional, social, and academic effects of homelessness on children Hardly a day in life goes by without seeing a homeless child trying to survive, especially in developing countries. Unwanted sightings of homeless children happen every day both in developed and underdeveloped countries. The increase in divorce and trend in cohabitation has led to an increasing number of children being homeless. As stated in the â€Å" Homeless Facts Children and Homelessness - Some Facts conducted by the Committee on Temporary Shelter, homelessness is of great effect on development of children. Will these effects fade away through time or last forever? How can society help them? And one important problem to be addressed, what causes homelessness and how to avoid it? Being homeless affects children in many ways and to the best of people’s knowledge, it can be discovered that homelessness affects three most important factors in a child’s development, including: emotionally, socially and academically. Homelessness is in fact a heated issue in the world. So, what are the causes of homelessness? First, homelessness is defined as â€Å"individuals who lack a fixed, regular and adequate nighttime residence.† (The Mckinney-Vento, Homeless Assistance Act, Title X, Part C). There is an increasing number of homelessness because the instability in world’s economy, civil war, poverty and other causes. However, the class that is affected most and worst is theShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Homelessness on Children1654 Words   |  7 PagesIndividuals who are homeless are faced with physical, emotional, and psychological challenges each day. It is common for people who are homeless to have had a life riddled with traumatic experiences like physical and mental abuse and drug use. Homelessness gained public attention in the late 1970s because homelessness became more visible when it began to include women and children. Today homelessness can be linked to various other problems. It is estimated that 200,000 thousand Canadians have livedRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Family And Family Homelessness1270 Words   |  6 PagesFamily and child homelessness has been a major social problem within the United states since the 1980s (Bassuk). According to the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, it is a problem that affected 79,446 family households in January 2010, and over 1.5 million children between the years of 2005 and 2006. Family and child homelessness is a genuine issue that although has increased to 37% of the overall homeless, and is said to have reached an â€Å"historic high† (Bassuk), it has not been discussedRead MoreHomelessness and Childhood Development Essay976 Words   |  4 Pagesexperience homelessness in youth. Homelessness at such an early and integral stage in one’s life presents lasting consequences and we must work to better understand, prevent and reverse the effects of homelessness on children. â€Æ' Homelessness is a widespread issue that in recent years has only worsened with the downturn in the economy and a never-ending war. Of this very vulnerable population however there is within an even more vulnerable population, the children affected by homelessness. We as a societyRead MoreMain Causes of Why People Become Homelessness Essay669 Words   |  3 PagesHomelessness Definition Homelessness is the condition and social category of people who having no home or permanent place, because they cannot afford or unable to maintain a regular and safe shelter. Causes There are three main causes why people are homelessness. The first reason is housing. There is increasing evidence that a growing number of homebody in the private rental market are in housing stress. For example, many people pay more than 35 percent of their income on renting house. In additionRead MoreHomeless Children : The Poverty Rate, Lack Of Affordable Housing And Single Parent Households1476 Words   |  6 PagesHomeless Children According to recent reports child homelessness, an estimated 2.5 million children are homeless in the United States. Sadly, nearly half of these children are under the age of five. In fact, one in every thirty children is considered homeless and the numbers continue to increase annually (Bassuk, E., DeCandia, C., Beach, C., Berman, F., 2014) Though many factors contribute to this social epidemic, the high poverty rate, lack of affordable housing and single parent households areRead More Homelessness in Public Schools998 Words   |  4 PagesNational Association for the Education of Homeless Children and Youth (NAEHCY) reported that the U.S. Department of Education collected data stating â€Å"during the 2008-2009 school year that 954,914 homeless children and youth were enrolled in public schools.† This problem affects the child socially, mentally, and most importantly academically. The National Association for the Education of Homeless Children and Youth (NAEHCY) defines Homelessness â€Å"is a lack of permanent housing resulting from extremeRead MoreHomeless Students During Modern Society1500 Words   |  6 Pagesthe side of the streets. You might imagine drug addicts running from shelter to shelter. Actually, about half of the homeless people in the world are children and students, who do not abuse drugs. Sadly, the number of Homeless Students and Children in Caldwell county, and across the nation, is increasing, and the academic, social, and physical effects are devastating. From the from the article, â€Å"Global Homeless Statistics† on the website homelessworldcup.org, â€Å"The last time a global survey was attemptedRead MoreEssay on The Challenges and Effects of Being Homelessness1599 Words   |  7 PagesHomelessness affects families ways of living. Many within the country are faced with the challenges of homelessness. They have to suffer from many challenges physically and mentally. It affects the whole family from before they were born until the day they die. Homelessness affects their jobs and education also. Homelessness has a big impact on their life. Homelessness affects a vast number of people. In the United States over 100 million people are homeless (Stearman 9). In fact, between 600,000Read MoreNegative Effects Of Poverty1062 Words   |  5 Pagesis famous for stating the following: â€Å"Children are like wet cement. Whatever falls on them makes an impression.† According to Yoshikawa, H., Aber, J. L., Beardslee, W. R. (2012), Poverty is a critical risk factor for many of the mental, emotional and behavioral disorders of children and youth. Across many studies, poverty is associated with a range of negative outcomes for children in the realms of physical health, language, and cognitive development, academic achievement and educational attainmentRead MoreThe Effects of Homelessness on the Overall Self-Esteem of Homeless Youth1476 Words   |  6 PagesHomelessness is often characterized as adults living on the streets taking shelter beneath the interwoven overpasses of the city or standing alongside busy intersection s begging for money. Yet, children, those under 18 years of age, are generally not associated with the homeless status as they are invisible, not seen by the general public with their homeless counterparts taking up residence in make-shift housing. Nonetheless, there is a large percent of youth who meet the guidelines for being deemed

Gaming Structures of Woolworths in Australia-Samples for Students

Question: Assume you are a business consultant recently hired by the Board of Directors of Woolworths Limited. The Board has asked you to prepare a business report which evaluates whether Woolworths should continue to operate gaming machines in Australia. Answer: Introduction: Woolworths Limited is a major Australian organisation having immense retail interest throughout Australia and New Zealand. It is the second largest organisation in terms of revenue after Wesfarmers in Australia and New Zealand. The organisation owns 75% of the Australian Leisure and Hospitality Group, which operates above 12,650 poker machines in Australia (Woolworthsgroup.com.au 2017). Hence, the first section of the report aims to discuss the approach of agency theory for ascertaining whether Woolworths Limited should carry on with the gaming machines in Australia. The company should also abide by the corporate relationship strategy it has developed as well as the corporate responsibility strategy it has brought out for the year 2020. The current report aims to evaluate the probability of operating gaming machines in Australia on the part of Woolworths Limited. Depending on the company strategies as well as objectives it needs to be understood that the image of the company should not be destroyed in any way. Agency theory approach to determine whether Woolworths Limited needs to continue operating gaming machines in Australia: The agency theory approach is basically the association between the agents in a business and the business principles. The agency theory deals with solving issues that remain inherent in the relationships of the agency due to the unaligned goals as well as several aversion level risks (Bosse and Phillips 2016). Arguments for the motion: The major reason why the company needs to continue the operation of gaming services is from the business aspect and the gains part of it. It has been found that the company has generated revenue amounting to several millions which can be compared to the revenues generated by the company form the retail market (Lozano, Carpenter and Huisingh 2015). It can also be said that a company prospers from getting revenue from all aspects of the business it participates in and thus it can be said that if it is found that the company prospers from the gaming machines as well as its operations it should not be stopped. The annual report generated for the business returns and the gains for Woolworths limited clearly shows that it has become one of the retail supergiants in the gaming segment as well (Bridoux and Stoelhorst 2014). Arguments Against the motion: The gaming machine operations in Woolworths comprises mainly of the poker machines which are specifically known as pokies. Due to this scenario Woolworths has faced flak from the groups which do not favour such gambling methods. In terms of collection of revenue, though the poker machine has generated several millions as profit for the company, it can be said that the retail supergiant needs to refocus its strategies as well as business decisions. It can also be said that the business relations of the company with other industries in which it was already established needs to be maintained. It can also be said that the other aspects of the business should not be impacted due to the involvement of Woolworths in the gaming operations (De Massis et al 2014). Stakeholder theory approach to determine whether Woolworths Limited needs to continue operating gaming machines in Australia: The stakeholder theory is that which is related to the organizational management as well as the ethics in business that put forward values as well as morals in managing the organisation. Stakeholders are extremely crucial to a company. They can affect as well as be affected by the actions, policies and objectives of the company. Stakeholders of a company include employees, directors as well as creditors (Bonnafous-Boucher and Rendtorff 2016). It is the duty of the Woolworths company that the shareholders funds as well as the stakeholders claims and values need to be controlled (Westphal and Zajac 2013). Arguments for the motion: It can be said that the company can give rise to employment options for the people as well as give opportunity to several efficient gamers as well. It can also be said that the company will help increase it revenue as t6he gaming systems are bound to have a high demand in the game stations of Australia (Chiu and Wang 2015). As stated by the stakeholders as well as the share holders it can be said that the revenue claims which the company has received show that the revenues collected contribute to about 40% of the revenues. Thus it can easily be said that the revenues collected from the gaming industries is huge. So a sudden shutdown of gaming operations of the company should not be considered. So there should also be several reforms which need to be adopted to find the value of them. Arguments Against the motion: An important reason the retail supergiant should consider stopping the operations of the gaming systems is that majorly in case of poker, the gaming influences the human brain and causes the secretion of dopamine hormone which only occurs in cases where there is a sort of addiction just like the addition to cocaine. In case the gaming theory becomes an addiction it can lead to a tarnished image for the retail supergiant (Stufflebeam and Coryn 2014). Moreover for high and increased demand it can lead to a dearth of the man power which can be said to hamper the business of the company if it fails to deliver the required demand within a stipulated period of time. It can also be said that if the clients are lost then the company will suffer overall from all the segment6s of the economy. Risks can be encountered in the several segments. The investment in the market is also extremely heavy as it requires more and more capital to manufacture the gaming machines. It can also be said that the business of investing in the high loss poker machines is extremely risky as it can lead to the social cost of the industry as well as it can tarnish the image of the company which it has build over the past several years (Waldman and Balven 2014). It can be said that the growing investments of in an electronic gaming machines can cause a range of social as well as political harm as well as the community obstacles. It can also hamper the probabilities of the company in other aspects as well. The demands of the company in the retail sectors can also suffer (Mitnick 2015). Conclusion Going through all the facts which have been discussed above, a clear conclusion cannot be drawn as such regarding the topic of Woolworths stopping its gaming operations. It can also be said that the company can adopt social as well as economic reforms and should not cause financial harm to any particular market or segment of the economy. There have been many speculations regarding the fact that whether the company should adopt the reforms. It should also be said that the cost of adopting the reforms is beneficial or detrimental to the company. It can also be said that the criticism which Woolworths attracts form the different quarters on issues namely the concentration of ownership in the grocery retailing, impacts on the grocery stores and the overall impacts of business in different quarters. Unlike the other problems, the majority of the Australians do not realize yet that Woolworths Company is the hugest operator of the poker machines. Hence closing it down can just impact the overall business of the company. As illustrations suggest that the involvement of the Woolworths group in the poker machine as well as the gambling scheme can lead to the risks in the organisations revenue as well as the business. It can also be said that it is a potential strategic business risk to the organisation. The company does not have a probable strategy for tackling the problem (Raelin and Bondy 2013). Woolworths also focuses on the relationships as well as building the trusted relations with the people. So it should not indulge in any scenario where the trust is destroyed. It is quite likely that the campaigns against the manufacture as well as the operations of the gaming machines should be stopped as well as it can be said that the stakeholder issue related to the gaming operations in Woolworths should be given a due time before the claims as well as problems die down. Though there is enough speculation regarding the matter that the problem will die down anyway unless the issue is addressed in a meaningful as well as demonstrated way. References: Bonnafous-Boucher, M. and Rendtorff, J.D., 2016.Stakeholder Theory: A Model for Strategic Management. Springer International Publishing. Bosse, D.A. and Phillips, R.A., 2016. Agency theory and bounded self-interest.Academy of Management Review,41(2), pp.276-297. Bridoux, F. and Stoelhorst, J.W., 2014. Microfoundations for stakeholder theory: Managing stakeholders with heterogeneous motives.Strategic Management Journal,35(1), pp.107-125. Chiu, T.K. and Wang, Y.H., 2015. Determinants of social disclosure quality in Taiwan: an application of stakeholder theory.Journal of Business Ethics,129(2), pp.379-398. De Massis, A., Kotlar, J., Chua, J.H. and Chrisman, J.J., 2014. Ability and willingness as sufficiency conditions for family?oriented particularistic behavior: implications for theory and empirical studies.Journal of Small Business Management,52(2), pp.344-364. Hasnas, J., 2013. Whither stakeholder theory? A guide for the perplexed revisited.Journal of Business Ethics,112(1), pp.47-57. Hrisch, J., Freeman, R.E. and Schaltegger, S., 2014. Applying stakeholder theory in sustainability management: Links, similarities, dissimilarities, and a conceptual framework.Organization Environment,27(4), pp.328-346. Lozano, R., Carpenter, A. and Huisingh, D., 2015. A review of theories of the firmand their contributions to Corporate Sustainability.Journal of Cleaner Production,106, pp.430-442. Mansell, S., 2015.Book Review: Rejoinder to Veldmans review of Capitalism, Corporations and the Social Contract: A Critique of Stakeholder Theory(Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 271-275). Sage UK: London, England: Sage Publications. Mitchell, R.K., Weaver, G.R., Agle, B.R., Bailey, A.D. and Carlson, J., 2016. Stakeholder agency and social welfare: Pluralism and decision making in the multi-objective corporation.Academy of Management Review,41(2), pp.252-275. Mitnick, B.M., 2015. Agency theory.Wiley Encyclopedia of Management. Raelin, J.D. and Bondy, K., 2013. Putting the Good Back in Good Corporate Governance: The Presence and Problems of Double?Layered Agency Theory.Corporate Governance: An International Review,21(5), pp.420-435. Stufflebeam, D.L. and Coryn, C.L., 2014.Evaluation theory, models, and applications(Vol. 50). John Wiley Sons. Waldman, D.A. and Balven, R.M., 2014. Responsible leadership: Theoretical issues and research directions.The Academy of Management Perspectives,28(3), pp.224-234. Westphal, J.D. and Zajac, E.J., 2013. A behavioral theory of corporate governance: Explicating the mechanisms of socially situated and socially constituted agency.Academy of Management Annals,7(1), pp.607-661. Woolworthsgroup.com.au. (2017).Woolworths Group: Quality Brands and Trusted Retailing. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworthsgroup.com.au/ [Accessed 11 Aug. 2017].